Ethernet and IP are two terms often used interchangeably when referring to internet connections. However, it’s important to understand the distinction between the two. While Ethernet is commonly associated with the physical connection between devices, it is actually an IEEE protocol.
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The Basics of Ethernet/IP
Ethernet/IP combines the use of Ethernet infrastructure with the Industrial Protocol (IP) to support data exchange and control applications. The IP in this context represents Industrial Protocol, not Internet Protocol as commonly known.
Understanding Protocols and Layers
To comprehend Ethernet/IP, it’s helpful to understand how protocols and layers work. One widely known protocol is TCP/IP, which stands for Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol. This layered protocol includes applications, TCP, IP, and network layers.
The applications layer works with software applications, such as HTTP, FTP, POP, DNS, IMAP, etc., to provide necessary communications. The TCP layer packs and unpacks data and performs error checking. The IP layer adds identifiers, and the network layer packages the data into Ethernet packets prior to transmission.
TCP/IP vs. UDP
TCP/IP and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) are variations within the TCP/IP protocol. TCP/IP operates on a send/receive acknowledge relationship, ensuring packet receipt confirmation, making it suitable for applications that require reliability, such as Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs). On the other hand, UDP is a continuous transmission protocol that doesn’t rely on receipt acknowledgment. It is commonly used in scenarios like Ethernet I/O on a PLC or a flow transmitter.
Industrial Automation with Ethernet/IP
Ethernet/IP is compatible with standard Ethernet switches used in the industrial automation sector, making it convenient for implementation. It supports data speeds of 10 or 100 Mbps, which are commonly handled by off-the-shelf switches.
In simpler terms, Ethernet/IP utilizes Ethernet packets with the Industrial Protocol of CIP, TCP/IP, and UDP layers to provide the necessary data to your controller.
Conclusion
Ethernet/IP is a powerful protocol that combines the reliability and familiarity of Ethernet with the Industrial Protocol to support efficient data exchange and control applications. By understanding the different layers and protocols involved, you can effectively utilize Ethernet/IP in your industrial automation projects.
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FAQs
Q: What is the difference between Ethernet and IP?
A: Ethernet is an IEEE protocol, while IP refers to the Industrial Protocol used in conjunction with Ethernet.
Q: What are the layers involved in the TCP/IP protocol?
A: The TCP/IP protocol comprises the applications, TCP, IP, and network layers.
Q: Which applications use TCP/IP vs. UDP?
A: TCP/IP is suitable for applications that require reliability, such as VFDs, while UDP is commonly used in continuous transmission scenarios like Ethernet I/O on a PLC.
Q: Can Ethernet/IP be implemented with standard Ethernet switches?
A: Yes, Ethernet/IP is compatible with many standard Ethernet switches used in industrial automation.
Q: What data speeds can be handled by Ethernet/IP?
A: Ethernet/IP can handle data speeds of 10 or 100 Mbps with ease.
