Welcome to Techal, where we explore the fascinating world of technology! In this article, we will guide you through the process of building a motion sensor detector with photo capture using the ESP32-CAM and the PIR module. This project can serve as a security camera, allowing you to monitor any motion detected in its vicinity.
The ESP32-CAM is a compact camera module equipped with the ESP32S chip and GPIO pins to connect peripherals. It also includes a micro-SD card slot for storing captured images. Before we dive into the circuit diagram and Arduino sketch, let’s provide an overview of how this project functions.
Project Overview
The ESP32-CAM operates in deep sleep mode with an external wake-up feature enabled. When the PIR module detects motion, it triggers the ESP32-CAM to wake up and capture a picture. The image is then saved onto the micro-SD card. After a specified delay, the module returns to deep sleep mode.
To program the ESP32-CAM, we will use a USB to Serial interface board. Refer to the circuit diagram for the connection instructions. During code upload, connecting GPIO-0 to GND is necessary.
Now, let’s take a look at the sketch for this project. You can find the download link in the description. In the sketch, GPIO-13 is used to receive the external wake-up signal for the ESP32-CAM. Once the picture is taken and saved onto the micro-SD card, the module goes back to deep sleep mode after the specified delay. If you would like a detailed explanation of the code, let us know, and we will create a separate video for it.
To upload the code, remember to add the following URL to the “Additional Board Manager URLs” in the Arduino preferences: Techal. Install the ESP32 board via the Board Manager and select “ESP32 Wrover Module” in the Tools menu. Choose “Huge App…” as the partition scheme and select the appropriate port. Once everything is set, click on the Upload button. If you encounter any issues, press the RESET button on the ESP32-CAM board while the code is being uploaded. After successful uploading, you can remove the USB to Serial interface board.
Circuit Diagram
To connect the PIR sensor with the ESP32-CAM, follow the circuit diagram below: 
The PIR sensor’s output pin is connected to the NPN transistor’s base through a 1k resistor. When the PIR module detects motion, it generates a high pulse at the output pin, turning on the transistor. This allows current to flow from the collector to the emitter. The GPIO-13 is connected to the collector of the transistor via a 10k resistor. When the transistor turns on, it grounds the GPIO-13 by connecting the emitter to GND. Hence, when the PIR sensor senses motion, the transistor activates, waking up the ESP32-CAM. After capturing the picture and saving it to the micro-SD card, the module goes back to deep sleep mode after the specified delay.
Try It Out
Construct the circuit on a breadboard, insert the micro-SD card, and provide a 5V supply from a mobile charger or power bank. For demonstration purposes, place the motion detector circuit in front of your main door. Whenever someone enters or exits through the main door, the PIR sensor will detect the motion, triggering the ESP32-CAM to capture an image. After a certain delay, the module will return to deep sleep mode.
To view the images captured by the ESP32-CAM, turn off the 5V supply, remove the SD card, and insert it into your laptop. You can now easily access and review the images.
FAQs
Q: Can I use this circuit as a security camera?
A: Yes, this circuit can indeed function as a security camera. It can capture images when it detects any motion.
Q: What if I encounter difficulties during the project?
A: If you have any doubts or face challenges while building this project, leave a comment, and we will be happy to assist you.
Conclusion
Congratulations! You have successfully built a motion detector with photo capture using the ESP32-CAM and the PIR module. This project can be used as a security camera to monitor any motion in its surroundings. Make sure to subscribe to our channel and follow our upcoming videos, where we will explore different projects using the ESP32-CAM. Thank you for joining us today, and have a great day!
